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Micronutrient Density and Stability in West African Pearl Millet—Potential for Biofortification
Anna Pucher
Univ. of Hohenheim, Institute of Plant Breeding, Seed Science and Population Genetics, Fruwirthstr. 21, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorHenning Høgh-Jensen
National Food Institute, Technical Univ. of Denmark, 2800 Kgs., Lyngby, Denmark
Search for more papers by this authorJadah Gondah
Institut National de Recherche Agronomique du Niger (INRAN), Maradi, Niger
Search for more papers by this authorC. Tom Hash
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), BP, 12404 Niamey, Niger
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Bettina I. G. Haussmann
Univ. of Hohenheim, Institute of Plant Breeding, Seed Science and Population Genetics, Fruwirthstr. 21, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany
Corresponding author ([email protected]).Search for more papers by this authorAnna Pucher
Univ. of Hohenheim, Institute of Plant Breeding, Seed Science and Population Genetics, Fruwirthstr. 21, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorHenning Høgh-Jensen
National Food Institute, Technical Univ. of Denmark, 2800 Kgs., Lyngby, Denmark
Search for more papers by this authorJadah Gondah
Institut National de Recherche Agronomique du Niger (INRAN), Maradi, Niger
Search for more papers by this authorC. Tom Hash
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), BP, 12404 Niamey, Niger
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Bettina I. G. Haussmann
Univ. of Hohenheim, Institute of Plant Breeding, Seed Science and Population Genetics, Fruwirthstr. 21, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany
Corresponding author ([email protected]).Search for more papers by this authorAll rights reserved. No part of this periodical may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Permission for printing and for reprinting the material contained herein has been obtained by the publisher.
ABSTRACT
Pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] is one of the most important cereals in West and Central Africa (WCA). Human populations in WCA are strongly affected by micronutrient deficiencies. Biofortification, the development of pearl millet varieties with enhanced micronutrient levels, is recognized as a suitable approach to reducing this widespread health problem. To assess the potential of biofortification of WCA pearl millet germplasm, we studied quantitative-genetic parameters of eight mineral densities in whole and decorticated grains, their stability over environments, and the correlations among minerals and agromorphological traits. The study included 72 WCA pearl millet genotypes grown in three environments in Niger, contrasting in soil fertilization. Significant genotypic effects, moderate estimates of heritability, and genetic variation for mineral densities, especially for Fe and Zn, indicate a high potential for biofortification of WCA pearl millet. However, screening of additional landraces or introgression of favorable alleles from highly nutrient-dense Indian germplasm could expedite achievement of higher densities. Genotype-by-environment interaction effects were significant for Fe and Zn grain densities, showing the importance of multienvironmental evaluation for identifying stable genotypes. Identified genotypes with relatively stable Fe and Zn grain densities appear suitable for use in future WCA pearl millet biofortification breeding programs.
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